Marketing Consumer Behavior Singtel Telecommunication Company

Question: Examine about the Marketing Consumer Behavior Singtel Telecommunication Company. Answer: Organization foundation SingTel is the top most media transmission organization of Singapore and it was joined in the year 1992 with named as Telecommunications Equipment. In the year 1993, it turned into an open division organization and it has the yearly income right around 12600 dollars. The organization has just about 600 million clients at present from very nearly 25 nations and the organization works a significant distance connection with the client (Solomon, 2014). The global submarine link system of the organization gives the association of right around 100 nations with Singapore. The organization SingTel portable is the primary administrators that dispatch iPhone in Singapore in the year 2008. SingTel is the Singapores biggest system administrators. Organization PESTLE Political Analysis Media transmission organizations including the SingTel organization have gone into the period of the computerized innovation. To fulfill the interest of the clients the organization is the pattern toward the progression, deregulation, and privatization. For SingTel, these adjustments in the organization make numerous difficulties and opportunity moreover. The organization is animating increasingly inventive thoughts and administrations for the market and the clients. Financial matters Analysis The factor that is influencing the SingTel Company legitimately is the financial aspects factor. The expanded limit level for the association to exchange at the global level is the greatest open door for the organization (Anderson He, 2015). To differing, the economy Singapore government has done an overwhelming speculation and for that, the SingTel Company is additionally having the chance. The development in all the monetary parts is a lot of successful for the development of the SingTel Company. Social Analysis Singapore is the blend social culture of Malays, Eurasians, Chinese, and Indians. The individuals of the Singapore are changing their ways of life with the adjustment in the time and they all are getting computerized. For the difference in the way of life and propensity for the individuals, the telecom organizations are additionally changing (Lindquist et al., 2015). Clients are a lot of connected with the utilization of the cell phones and web and for that, the SingTel Company set their market to fulfill their clients need. Innovative Analysis The innovation of the telecom business has changed a ton in the ongoing years. Every single new assistance like web, web based business and other telecom administrations are presented in the market. SingTel additionally spread all the administrations like other telecom organization however their unique ID is the web based movement and online business (Hantula Wells, 2014). SingTel has the most trend setting innovation for the client and they give the best system to the clients. SingTel Company system for the drawn out development is to put more in the innovation. Lawful Analysis The IDA has taken the choice for Sing Tel's exception solicitation of the individual markets and client portion to be pertinent for the organization. This will assist the organization with getting the exception from prevailing guideline (Lantos, 2015). First and foremost, the organization was a restraining infrastructure organization yet now they are the biggest telecom organization in Singapore. SWOT investigation SingTel Company has the solid market position in Singapore as it is the biggest telecom organization in Singapore (Loveland, 2016). They give the best system to the client and furthermore for the group of people yet to come and they have very nearly 600 million clients. SingTel has the most cutting edge innovation for the client and they give the best system to the clients. Their primary shortcoming is that they did a terrible act of securing that is they think they are the one in particular who is the best on the planet and can do anything. One a greater amount of their shortcomings are that they give their 90% concentration in the market of Singapore instead of extending their exchange. Their highest open door is that the market of Singapore if full with the individuals of China, India, Malaysia and Eurasia so they have the best chance to create in the market (Weller et al., 2015). Their fundamental danger is the opposition of the other telecom organizations in light of different o rganizations they need to change their valuing technique for the clients (Vinerean et al., 2013). Their one more danger is that the innovation is changing quick and to be in the realm of digitization they need to confront numerous difficulties. SWOT Analysis Qualities They have solid market position They give the system of the people to come They have the high piece of the pie in the Singapore showcase They have the most trend setting innovation Shortcomings They had an extremely awful act of securing They give an excess of spotlight on the Singapore showcase They gave helpless exertion for the connection with the clients Openings They have the best market fragment in Singapore showcase Their satellite and data innovation fiber is additionally exceptionally advance Their system administrations and portable information are additionally the best in the market They are slanting to develop the M2M correspondence for example Machine to machine Dangers Increment in the quantity of the contenders Innovation are changing in a quick manner They face incredible effect on activity for the administrative changes Target advertise portrayal SingTel is the media transmission organization of Singapore and their principle target is the Singapore showcase and the clients. In Singapore, the organization gets various sections of individuals particularly the individuals from India, China, Eurasia and Malaysia (Inoue Kent, 2014). So to focus available of the Singapore dependent on the four portions of clients is the greatest chance of the organization. Singapore is the solid nation with the media transmission area and SingTel is the biggest and the top most organization of Singapore. Their objective market is the whole city of Singapore and their objective advertisers are the individuals from India, China, Eurasia, and Malaysia. Their objective is to get the greatest number of the client and to turn into the top most telecom organization on the planet (Xiang et al., 2015). At present they have very nearly 600 million clients and the most extreme is from the Singapore. They have numerous contenders like Ericsson, Star Hub and so forth however they despite everything hold their market position in the Singapore showcase as the top most administrators of the system administrations (Cantallops Salvi, 2014). They portion their market according to the birthplace of the individuals and furthermore according to the age of the clients in light of the fact that the youthful ages are the person who is utilizing the innovation most. So their fundamental objective markets are the clients of the Singapore since they are a lot of expected towards the utilization of the system administrations. Dynamic procedure Need acknowledgment It is essential to underhand the ideal significance and the usage of the dynamic procedure as it helps in expanding the viability of the work procedures of the firm concerned. It is characterized s the main fundamental advance of the shopper purchasing conduct which is in some cases called as the difficult recognizable proof (Zhao et al., 2014). It happens when the particular client has an interest or need which isn't satisfied. In this progression, the genuine need of the purchaser is comprehended and in this manner after this SingTel can help the clients in a successful manner. Data search The pursuit of the ideal data is vital as it helps in assessing the ideal need of the clients from the administrations conveyed to the concerned clients (Papadopoulos Heslop, 2014). It is in this way significant for the supervisory group of SingTel to direct a compelling examination strategy so as to draw out the pertinent data with respect to the assessment of the need and the requests of the clients all through the market fragments concerned. This progression likewise prompts the hazard the executives procedures and these should be assessed viably. Assessment of the Alternatives It has been seen that if the client sets a decision for the specific acquisition of the item then the individual in question searches for the best arrangement that can get from the particular market. There come a few elements with respect to the acquisition of the item, for example, value, quality and the dependability of the administrations or the items offered by the association (Kardes et al., 2014). Along these lines, it turns out to be progressively significant for SingTel to concoct compelling systems with the goal that the ideal benefit can be expanded to a huge degree. Buy choice This is one of the most vital advances that help in giving the ideal height in the execution of the business procedures of the association (Zeugner-Roth et al., 2015). The buy choices are one which helps in expanding the ideal deals for a specific item or administrations offered to the association. Affecting procedures should be embraced by the supervisory crew so as to build the selling of the items and administrations offered by the association. Post buy assessment It is the last advance of the dynamic procedure which helps in getting to the shopper in regards agreeable to him concerning the acquisition of the item or the administration. It is absolutely founded on the fulfillment level accomplished by the client with respect to the acquisition of the item (Godey et al., 2016). The supervisory group brute SingTel needs to distinguish the fulfillment level of every one of its buyers as it will help in assessing the adequacy of the business forms concerned. Two social effects on purchasing conduct Two of the social impacts influencing the purchaser or the purchaser conduct are reference gatherings and the job in the general public. These assume the most crucial job in affecting the conduct of the purchaser with respect to the acquisition of the specific item. the reference bunches comprise f the companions, relatives, family members and the collaborators which share their encounters with respect to the utilization of the items and aides in expanding the deals of that specific item (Goh et al., 2013). The following is the recognizable proof of the job of

Abu Dhabi Police Essay Example for Free

Abu Dhabi Police Essay The point of convergence of this paper is to build up an arrangement that would be effectively executing a hierarchical change the board framework inside Abu Dhabi Police division so as to expand its productivity, advancement and accomplishing future goals. It ought to be expressed that right now there are a few issues identified with the issue and it is expected to beat those so as to acquire mileage over the long haul. The fundamental part of this issue lies in the conventional type of police and examination methodology that are considered and executed with nearly lesser proficiency. This could likewise be satisfied that the usefulness of the Abu Dhabi police office is progressively old in approach and there is a basic requirement for the division to find the remainder of the world as far as innovation execution and effectiveness assessment. Moreover, it is likewise basic to investigate the parts of managerial recreation as the division can't work up to its actual potential with the regulatory structure situated at a medieval situation. (Sheep, 2004, 69) Thus it can well be expressed that the issue with Abu Dhabi police isn't just with it’s beneath the standard utility and productivity yet in addition is identified with the evil definition of the regulatory framework. Logically, the division is in extraordinary need of discovering answers for invalidating these issues. It ought to be expressed that right now there is a five stage solution for this disease. Right off the bat, it is basic to comprehend the current administration of Abu Dhabi police division and recognize the key zones of progress. Additionally, it is significant in the part of investigating the past to get a comprehension about Abu Dhabi Police department’s status and critically dispensing with the danger of following the old errors. At that point, it ought to be noticed that a wide report is fused with an assortment of techniques for change the executives rehearses and their materialness in Abu Dhabi Police division. Moreover, it is imperative to research the capability of elective techniques for change the executives and the most favorable will be propelled. Finally, a system would be made with imminent upgrade that can be presented, understanding the structure and working society right now present in Abu Dhabi police office. It ought to be referenced that the hypothetical system will include police and open meetings, police and public’s key meeting, authentic records, optional research through the Internet and college database, it will likewise utilize key investigation apparatuses for advancement of the assessment of the best technique among coercive and consensual policing. In this setting it ought to likewise be referenced that the reason for the venture is defined in a commonly useful manner with the end goal that from a scholarly point of view there would be a tremendous increase with regards to significant experience, and at the same time include an incentive by giving bits of knowledge just as a new target attitude toward any issue pertinent to the social setting. Research configuration will follow the accompanying strategy or timetable. Initially the members will be prepared about information assortment strategies and instruments to be utilized to gather the important data. The members will incorporate cops, information assortment officials, group pioneers and other clever staff. Besides the zones to be met will be distinguished and availability decided. These zones to be tested for the examination can extend from 10-16 of these zones, state 5 will be the place coercive policing will be forced and other five consensual policing can be applied. The time of the exploration can take a time of least 3 months and a limit of a half year of which during this period information will be gathered. Thirdly the information so gathered will be set up as a report of discoveries. At last, the last reports will be broke down and assessment for assurance of the distinction among consensual and coercive types of arrangement. The distinctive should put more accentuation on the distinction. So as to accomplish the targets it is basic to perceive the current practices in Abu Dhabi police division and furthermore in the cutting edge police branches of nations like USA, Germany, UK, Australia and so forth. This will be finished by singular meetings of the authorities in Abu Dhabi and the through polls from different corners of the world. Essential research will be determined on close to home meetings with Abu Dhabi Police division authorities that will give an inward perspective on the present setting and future objectives. This will likewise be a key premise of understanding the inactivity for change. This will help in drawing out the sign of the present oversaw framework in Abu Dhabi police office association. At last the customers will help in giving the genuine print of Abu Dhabi Police department’s working and key regions of progress. Information introduced from this exploration will help to assess the accepted procedures model and the genuine working. This will help in showing the distinction and the explanation behind Abu Dhabi police office association to actualize a fruitful change the board. Abu Dhabi Police higher authorities will be arbitrarily chosen with positive time and spot for the meetings to be done. At long last the examination will be centered around the authentic information by taking a gander at the Abu Dhabi Police department’s system before. In the event that any disappointment or any glitches are to be found in organizations technique they will be pointed in this examination. This will assist the essayist with understanding the Abu Dhabi Police department’s objectives before and their usage procedure. It is important to plan another examination that test the factual strategy. For the reason it is important to gather a total information of the site that would incorporate diverse religion, ethnicity or sexual orientation. An open gathering with police just as the general mass or open would be applicable in this setting in the underlying stages. The blended sex of male and female Police and open could well be barred as that would muddle matters with regards to sexual orientation variable compared with other pre referenced factors yet considering other trustworthy elements supporting it would respect be productive over the long haul. Information would be gathered corresponding to the sexual orientation, shading, religion of the potential clients in regard to the sythesis of the administration under similar parameters. Every one of these factors are considered as exceptionally pertinent and significant highlights of the measurable technique and it is to be checked whether these perspectives are on a very basic level adequate in functional world and it could well be referenced that social help, particularly security administration industry, are an extremely applicable appearance of the social measurements. Accordingly if the test is completed in an appropriate way with legitimate figurings of the populace included then there is no explanation that the outcomes would be both sensible and valid toward the end thought. In understanding to the essential test chosen it could be expressed that it could be conceivable that the result would be moderately coherent as in it would eventually follow the patterns of social help hypothesis in showcasing and consequently it would be pleasant with the measurable technique and in this manner a very much detailed promoting procedure can be built to serve the Police and open the same as a distinct strategy can be picked among coercive and consensual policing. In any case, it ought to be expressed that there would be not many free factors with regards to the test that couldn't be clarified by the factual technique articulations. Here the moral thought of the potential Police and open or the ethnic foundation of the potential Police and open may not be an exceptionally pertinent factor. In this way there could be a few blemishes to the assortment of the populace yet on the off chance that these perspectives are remembered, at that point the inadequacies would handily be haggled during a definitive calculations. Subsequently the test would have all the earmarks of being a full sealed measure that would have the option to characterize and demonstrate the major angles and factual technique applied. It ought to be noticed that the entrance to the exploration members is both simple and hard. Regarding the open meeting it would be moderately simple to distinguish and get to however the troublesome part is outline the examiner in understanding to the shading and statement of faith of the members by and large. In the event of the police talk with there would be progressively homogenous example as far as the examiner yet the troublesome part is obtain entrance. For the reason it is organized to procure authorization from the expectation office. Information will be gathered utilizing two distinct techniques. The main will be interviews, which include residents, cops from the examined zones. This is a favorable position in that criticism can be gotten in a split second. The subsequent will be utilization of surveys, which will be managed to the tested zones. The survey to be utilized will be the opened kind. The benefit of this technique is that the data acquired can be evaluated to mirror that the inspected bunch as a major aspect of the whole populace. The bit of leeway is that it is simpler to dissect information gathered through poll technique. It ought to be noticed that unwavering quality for the analyst was accomplished in the affirmation that lone a predefined gathering of people were used concerning the exploration. That gathering was centered for the most part around clients and retails alongside regulatory work force. This gave the exploration an increasingly engaged perspective on the examination objective. The legitimacy was overseen because of this concentration and stressed in the contemplations associated with the information assortment, factors, and inspecting strategies. Security and secrecy strategies included appointing numeric and alphabetic coding to each reacting poll. This guaranteed secrecy with respect to t

The Great Gatsby Essay

The Great Gatsby Essay Fitzgerald composed The Great Gatsby as a parody that remarks on American goals during the 1920s. He shows the indiscretion of everybody during the time by depicting them in the network of East and West Egg. Fitzgerald passes on two distinct subjects all through the story. One is the American Dream is tainted by the craving for riches and the other is the Attainment of a fantasy might be less fulfilling than the quest for it. He utilizes those topics to show how The Great Gatsby is a parody of American Ideals. The American dream is life ought to be better and more extravagant and more full for one. This fantasy is tainted between the relationship of Gatsby and daisy. Daisy is the image of all that Gatsby makes progress toward; her voice is loaded with cash, as Gatsby portrays it. Her voice was loaded with cash that was the endless appeal that rose and fell in it, its jingle, the cymbals tune in it (Fitzgerald 120). She can be deciphered as a twentieth-century flapper since she catches men with her imposing, secretive voice. Gatsby turned out to be so fascinated by her voice that he put together the entirety of his activities with respect to prevailing upon Daisy. Her voice contains the guarantee of immense wealth. In any case, Gatsby is past the point where it is possible to understand that cash is the main thing her voice guarantees. There is no empathy in Daisy, similarly as there is none in cool, hard money. Daisys dream is debased by riches since she is found Toms riches and Gatsbys ri ches. Daisy and Toms marriage is additional verification of the breakdown of the American dream. Despite the fact that they have a place with the West Egg social gathering and have extraordinary riches, they are troubled. Tom is first depicted as one of those men who arrive at such an intense restricted greatness at twenty-one that everything subsequently appreciates of disappointment (Fitzgerald 6). Tom and Daisy are both in unsatisfied with life and are looking for something better. They have gone to France and floated to a great extent distress completely any place individuals were rich and played polo together (Fitzgerald 6). They are despondent and exhausted with life. Tom is by all accounts scanning for the fervor that he found in playing football in school, and he finds an outlet for his disappointment by undermining his significant other with Myrtle. By and by, Gatsby doesn't see that achieving riches and influence doesn't rise to satisfaction. The Buchanans marriage is loaded with falsehoods and acts of unfaithfulness, yet they are joined through their debasement. After Tom has found Daisys disloyalty and Myrtle has been slaughtered, their insensitive childishness is uncovered when they are brought together over singed chicken and two containers of lager (Fitzgerald 145). They instinctually search out one another in light of the fact that each perceives the others quality in the degenerate otherworldly component they occupy. After Myrtle and Gatsby are both murdered, neither one of the Buchanans sends their respects or appear to be contrite. Truth be told, they go on a short excursion, which means that the absence of empathy they have toward others. There was no affection for anybody. All individuals thought about was riches and gatherings. Scratch sees Tom and Daisy as they truly seem to be, cutthroat and thoughtless. They crushed up things and animals and afterward withdrew once more into their cash or their tremendous i nconsiderateness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let others tidy up the chaos they had made (Fitzgerald 179). Tom and Daisys activities are a sign of the unfavorable and sincerely desensitizing impacts that riches can have on somebody. They center a lot around appearance and things of financial worth, while overlooking people groups sentiments and lives. Jordan Bakers plans are additionally contrarily affected by the corruptive characteristics of riches. Despite the fact that Nick is pulled in to Jordans exhausted, jolly, indiscreet air from the outset, he at last comprehends that it passes on her significant dismissal for different people groups emotions. Jordan bolsters Daisy having an unsanctioned romance, since Daisy should have something in her life (Fitzgerald 79). She sees Gatsby as something, not somebody. Jordan likewise has gained notoriety for being deceptive and for being a tattle. She was associated with a golf competition embarrassment in which she was blamed for moving her golf ball to further her potential benefit. Jordan has a place with the East Egg social gathering as a result of her imprudent, untrustworthy ways. She fills in as an insight with regards to the genuine idea of the individuals from East Egg. Jordan may likewise be a sign of the kinds of individuals that Gatsby engages, since she goes to his gathering s. She is like a considerable lot of his partygoers in that she misuses his friendliness yet never gives any certifiable grace toward him. It is telling that Gatsbys house is loaded with individuals all through the whole summer, yet when Gatsby passes on, nobody goes to his burial service aside from Nick and Gatsbys father. The shallow colleagues of Gatsby were never his actual companions the main utilized him for his luxurious liberality. The innumerable individuals who go to his gatherings, ride on his hydroplane and in his vehicle, and drink his liquor are no place to be seen when the opportunity arrives to offer their feelings of appreciation for him. The subject of the quest for a fantasy is more fulfilling than achieving the fantasy itself rehashes itself all through the book. Gatsbys dream was to get Daisy. We see this reiteration of a green light however out the story. Each time Gatsby took a gander at Daisys house Fitzgerald referenced the green light. Fitzgerald thinks about Gatsbys green light to the green bosom of the new world (Fitzgerald 180), contrasting Gatsbys fantasy about rediscovering Daisy with the wayfarers disclosure of America and the guarantee of another landmass. Notwithstanding, Gatsbys dream is discolored by his material belongings, much like America is currently with our fixation on riches. Gatsby needed nothing less of Daisy than that she ought to go to tom and state: I never adored you (Fitzgerald 109). Gatsby attempted and attempted to get Daisy to think she never cherished Tom yet the reality of the situation was that she loved him. The quest for the fantasy was more fulfilling for Gatsby than really a ccomplishing it. He tossed parties just to trust she would come and he would have the option to see him. He got rich so he could dazzle her with pleasant things. On the off chance that Gatsby genuinely got Daisys heart they would wind up doing likewise as Tom and she ordinarily do. At long last they will have a similar supper seared chicken㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦and two containers of beer (Fitzgerald 145) and it would get old and afterward they would wind up taking part in an extramarital entanglements with others around town like nothing at any point changed. By all accounts, Fitzgeralds epic may seem, by all accounts, to be only a shallow novel about the jazz, gatherings, and glamour that he encountered in the mid twentieth century. After closer assessment, nonetheless, it is clear that The Great Gatsby is a significant social discourse on the degenerate and baffling impacts that realism can have on citizenry. We likewise discover that at long last achieving your fantasy isn't as fun as attempting to get it. Fitzgerald wrote a parody that indicated the beliefs of the 1820s.

Global Competitiveness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) - 4400 Words

Global Competitiveness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) (Research Paper Sample) Content: Global Competitiveness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)NameInstitution Global Competitiveness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)It is evident that the world nowadays has been turned into a global village because of the enormous technological advances, which has led to global competitiveness between companies. Global competitiveness has led to many companies to venture into international business whereby they have opened branches in various countries worldwide. Global competitiveness has also led to these companies establishing their doing-business strategies to cater for the humongous opportunities presented in international business (Nicholls, 2012). On the other hand, FDI (Foreign direct investment) refers to an investment into business or production, which is normally direct in a particular country by a company or an individual of another country. Foreign direct investment is normally done through purchasing a company in that target country or through a company expanding its operations of a business, which already exists in that country (Schwab, 2012). This study will expound on the effects of FDI in China and South Africa. FDI effects in ChinaChina is notably among the fastest growing economies in the world currently. Chinas impressive and prosperous economic growth has greatly assisted the country to attract huge amounts of FDIs and this in turn increased its productivity particularly in its economys export manufacturing sector. FDI has also largely fuelled Chinas growth through increased tax revenues, skill and technological transfer, export promotion, and capital formation. In addition, the creation of Chinas large growing middle class, increased infrastructure as well as economic reforms encouragement has continued to attract FDI inflows into China and this has led to Chinas increased growth in its economy (Jiang, 2003).FDI plays an integral and extraordinary function in the growth in global business and FDI has continued to fuel Chi nas economic growth through creation of employment, attraction of capital investments, and increased manufacturing exports. Other integral factors include attraction of international brand names and skilled labor as well as the transfer of technology and knowledge into Chinas local economy. It is paramount to note that Chinas growing economy which is above one billion people presents foreign companies with a huge market where they can sell their services and products and they can also build manufacturing plants for their products because of available labor. This factor has significantly contributed to the growth of FDI in China. FDI has evidently improved infrastructure development and expanded the domestic market by creating jobs in China (Jiang, 2003).FDI is notable in offering special interest due to its positive effects on economic growth. The FDI inflow ratio in 1980 to Chinas GDI (Gross Domestic Investment) was negligible but by 1992, it had increased to 7% and by 2004, it had grown to 36%. Chinas economic growth has been fuelled mainly by two factors, which include increased FDI ratio and capital investments. Statistics indicate that China receives the second largest portion of overall FDI in the world and it has continued to increase from 25% to nearly 40% due to the economical structures the government in China is undertaking in order to attract more FDI. FDI particularly in Chinas export manufacturing has notably had a huge impact in its economic growth as compared to the local investment. Statistics further show that in the 1990s first half, industrial establishments represented nearly 85% of all FIEs (Foreign-Invested Enterprises) as well as 73% of all FDI (Schwab, 2012). This trend has continued to grow significantly and it has led to heavy industries, which are extremely labor intensive. However, this allows more Chinese people to be employed and they become better consumers (Jiang, 2003).China in 2008 had planned to spend nearly $590 billion for infrastructure developments, which would focus on development of technology, railways, and roads. This was the countrys stimulus package after the effects of the global financial crisis in 2007. Good infrastructure is vital for transportation and communication of goods to the various markets and this attracts more FDI. The major source of the economic growth in China has been the FDI, which has led to an increase in manufacturing exports, attraction of capital formation, an increase in tax revenues, and transfer of skills and knowledge (Jiang, 2003). FDI effects in South AfricaSouth Africa is among the biggest economies in Africa, which has been fuelled by its vast natural resources that includes gold. South Africa has always had a benefit-detriment relationship with FDI and since 2002; the country has offered incentives to all foreign investors. These incentives are offered though the countrys SIP (strategic industrial project). These incentives have been integral in the continued increase of FDI in South Africa, which raised from nearly UD$40 billion in 2000 to UD$69.5 billion in 2007 (Schwab, 2012). This increase led to improved infrastructure, increased purchasing power, relatively inexpensive labor and natural resources as well strategic position of South Africa in the global economy in accordance to Razafimahefa Hamori (2007).FDI inflows in South Africa has greatly impacted the country through various effects which include employment effects, effects on economic and competition growth, balance-of-payments effects, and resource-transfer effects. There have been positive effects from FDI in South Africas economy through supplying management, technology, and capital resources, which have boosted the economic growth rate of the country according to Razafimahefa &am...

Breast Cancer Causes, Signs And Symptoms And Risk Factors

LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION: This section is going to review literature on overview of breast cancer, its causes, signs and symptoms and risk factors. It will also look at literature on screening methods of breast cancer, particularly mammogram. OVERVIEW OF BREAST CANCER According to Rodney et al (2003), breast cancer is the commonly occurring cancer in women, responsible for one third of all malignancies in females. It is said to be the second to lung cancer as a cause of cancer mortality and has been found to be the leading cause of death for American women between the ages of 40 and 55 years. It has been noted that the incidence of breast cancer is highest in North America and Northern Europe and lowest in Asia and Africa (Rodney et†¦show more content†¦(Galukande et al, 2010) In USA in the year 2015, 232 000 women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer and 40 000 women died of it. It has been also noted that the risk of breast cancer increases with age and women between the ages of 55 and 64 are most frequently diagnosed with breast cancer. The most common age of death for breast cancer is 68 years. (US preventive services task force, 2016.) Breast cancer represents 10% of all cancers diagnosed worldwide annually and constituted 22% of all new cancers in women in 2000 making it by far the most common cancer in women. CAUSES OF BREAST CANCER The causes of breast cancer are not understood thus making it a bit difficult to tell why people develop breast cancer. Age contributes in causing breast cancer and it is common amongst women over the age of 50 years who have gone through menopause. If you had close relatives that had breast cancer in the past then there are high chances that you develop breast cancer. Previous diagnosis of breast cancer is when you had breast cancer before and you were diagnosed, you have a high risk of developing breast cancer again either on your other breast or the same breast. Being obese or overweight may cause breast cancer because of the amount of oestrogen in the body. If you are taller than the average, you are likely to develop breast cancer because it may be caused by interactions between the genes and

Organizational Behavior Is Defined As A Social Science...

Organizational Behavior I Introduction Organizational behavior is defined as a social science discipline just like cultural anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. It uses the scientific method to establish the truth as well as to validate the different theories. It is also considered as a discipline that is related to other social sciences that has its origins historically has had its intellectual home in the business school and a new discipline that is related to other social sciences that has its origins during the mid of twentieth century. The main focus of the discipline is the world of organization with the connection or relation to the behavior and nature of the different people that are involved in an organization and the behavior and nature of the organization towards their environment. This study will focus on the two objectives of the organizational behavior which are the communication and innovation. 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Critical Appraisal Evidence Based Practice

Question: Discuss about theCritical Appraisal for Evidence Based Practice. Answer: Research Problem: While analyzing the paper that had been provided to the readers by the researchers, they have depicted the inconsistency that is present in the modern day in the information regarding caregivers that experiences more stress while caring for their patient. Different studies have been conducted over many years which states that different relationship shared by the caregiver and the care user often acts as the main determining factor about the intensity of the stress that may affect them. Certain cases depict as the caregivers who provide care to older parents suffer from more mental health issues than caregivers who are spouses of the care users. Many other researches again sated that sibling care giving results in more mental health stability than if care giving is provided by parents to children. Again gender issues are high stating that women are more ambivalent to paying care giving than men. All these leads to a maze like situation where clear idea about which category of caregive rs faces the most metal and physical health related issue and hence the research problem was rightly identified by the researchers. If the research becomes successful, it would help to provide enough information to solve the issues in the field. Literature Review: While going through the background that is provided by the author, it can be noticed that the author had reviewed a large numbers of articles in order to gather information about the different works that had been conducted by different researchers over the years. He have pointed out the various opinions that thay gave got from their own researchers. Different relationships among different caregiver care user pairs have been researched and opinions have been provided by them which had failed to give a consistent information about the issue depicted. Some have pointed that when caregivers are parents they develop more pressure on mental health than when care givers are siblings. Some have depicted that when caregivers are spouse, there is lesser emotions stress than when caregivers are son or daughters caring for their parents. Different researches have argued and given an exactly opposite opinion of the spouse caregivers being less emotionally stable. Several opinions among differ cat egories like parent caregivers caring for children or adult children caregivers caring for parents have also been denoted. Therefore he had been extremely successful in establishing the gaps that is present in the present day regarding the different levels of stresses experienced by caregivers. However, a negative aspect that is noticed here is that the researchers have selected journal which are very old like he had selected paper of Lscher and Pillemer which had been published in the year 1998. Even many paper as old as 2001 and 2002 are also been selected by him. This is often not a proper method of reviewing because current articles like those after 2013 provided more recent works that had been conducted. Old papers often have views and ideas which have got obsolete and may have been challenged by other authors. Hence this is found to be a negative point. Another issue that must also be noted here that the review is found to be unbalanced as the the author had reviewed more pape rs on the relationship and very less paper on the criteria of gender. Effect of gender on the caring attitude and the development of mental strength have not been reviewed extensively although he had mentioned that works are less. However it would have been more balanced if he would have tried to review more gender based article of caregivers in this areas. Theoretical Framework: A theoretical framework can be found in the research papers where the authors had tried their best to establish the gaps that are present in the studies that have been conducted. They have reviewed articles to gather information which is existing and thereby have linked with the methodology that he had taken to collect data and thereby analyze it with proper statistical tools and models (van-Dyk, 2014). Therefore the author has been successful in properly framing his research and represents it to the readers. Aims and Objectives: The author had clearly mentioned the aim of the project. He stated the aim as he wanted to compare spousal care giving with that of the care giving provided by adult children, parents, siblings, other family members and also non family friends. He wanted to shed light on the different mental conditions that affect them along with the emotional well being which gets disrupted by care giving. Sample: The author had correctly mentioned about the sampling that he had performed. He had taken the help of secondary data resources that had been provided from the 2007 Canadian General Society survey Cycle 21 (GSS-21). He had undertaken telephonic interview and recorded interviews of about 6140 cases where assistance were provided b the caregivers in the 12 months and 34 cases were excluded due to inconsistent and missing information about dependent and independent variable. This sampling that had been conducted by GSS is a non-probability sampling where the authority conducted the interview with the population above 45 year old only that is they had clear depiction of the population that could help them and acted accordingly. The sample was of adequate size as it provided a large amount of data as the sample size was also very large. The exclusion criteria were clearly stated that houses with cellular phones were excluded and those with phones were also not taken into consideration. Pro per explanation for its exclusion is also provided which also states the background for exclusion. Ethical Considerations: No ethical considerations like maintain confidentiality, or proper preserving of data, taking utmost security concerns to prevent data linkage was not done which is a negative aspect (LoBiondo et al., 2014). Operational Definitions: They have not provided any operational definitions as separate criteria in a particular definite section. However difficult terms re explained within brackets and hence can be understood by the author. The paper lacks proper operation definitions. Methodology: They conducted an interview in the form of survey with restricted options for each of the questions which helped them to get complete information in every of the criteria, the researcher had done a very good work by completely dividing each of the questions into definite answers which would ultimately help him in preparing a regression study in order to reach his aim. He had divided the caregivers into a number of categories depending upon their relations, judged their age, employment , health status, physical and mental condition along with dividing each of the into both the gender. The researcher had effectively been able to investigate each and every arena that needed to be ventured and thereby had given a proper survey methodology for it (Mouraviev et al., 2016). They have used definite scales like the Likert scales and others which proved the authenticity of the survey. However data collection had been secondary and also pilot study was not done in this case. This however, will not be able to affect any other important areas so can be neglected. Data Analysis: Data analysis was mainly based in the most common model used for linear regression called the ordinary least square models. This model is excessively used in such kind of experiments because they are the most easiest while conducting statistical analysis and also provides a better scenario. The model was applied respectively to males and females that portrayed the best accurate approach possible. The researcher also tested for the significance of difference in order to reach an area where the independent variable of gender can be properly analyzed on its effect on care giving capability which is a very good approach for data analysis in statistics (LoBiondo-Wood et al., 2014). No errors and violations were also found when they assessed the key model assumptions thereby indicating them to be able to get fruitful results that they wanted. While conducting the data analysis, it is very interesting to see that the author had been highly successful in correlating each of the independent variables with the dependent variables and thereby giving an excellent report on it. Not only they have established that more number of caregivers are women in comparison to male and they suffer more health related stress than males in all cases except in marital relationships where stresses are equal for male and female. . They have also shown that most cases show the primary recipient to be parents, followed by non family members, then children and then spouse. Physical health was more affected in case of males whereas mental health was more affected in case of female care givers. These are only some examples and more such correlations have been established that gives us an idea about the research gaps that had been able to resolve with the procedure (Heyvert et al., 2013). Proper tables have been provided to make the readers understand the results more clearly and good effort has been undertaken by the researchers. Discussion: A detailed study has been provided and discussed by the author. It is indeed impressive about the way that he had linked up the information to give a proper overview of the objectives. The self reported stress is found to be high among older caregivers. Women tend to report poorer mental health than male. Lack of gender differences are found in middle and old caregivers for children and both the gender tend to be equally affected. The researcher have found out through multivariate regression models that stresses are greater for both male and female when caring of spouse and children than caring for parents, siblings and others. Reports have also suggested that stresses for parental care giving and also spouse care giving for females is high because of greater obligations to provide care and depending upon the nature of relationship they also have fewer options to resist the pressure. They have explained that their inclusion of the multiple relationship types have helped them to provide a wide overview of the stresses experienced by different caregivers. These had helped the readers to understand the the gradual rise of stress level according to the different relationship shared by different carer-care recipient pairs (Quigley et al., 2015). Limitations were also clearly depicted by the researchers showing the considerations that they have avoided which could have been the major reasons for the answer of the respondents that they provided like the living arrangements of the pairs, differences in residential propinquity. This had been just one example and similar limitations have been clearly noted by him as well. Thereby although strengths were not clearly analyzed, limitations have been depicted by them clearly. Recommendations although discussed but not in details only suggesting some gaps are still present which need to be overcome. They have also suggested dra wing a relation between the age, gender and also the perceived ambivalence directly that they did not include in their study. References: References are done in APA 6th edition correctly but the papers have been taken form old papers as old as 1995 which may provide data that had become obsolete (Souto et al., 2015). This is one negative aspect of the paper. References: Heyvaert, M., Hannes, K., Maes, B., Onghena, P. (2013). Critical appraisal of mixed methods studies.Journal of mixed methods research, 1558689813479449. LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J. (2014).Nursing research: Methods and critical appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J., Cameron, C., Singh, M. (2014).Nursing research in Canada: Methods, critical appraisal, and utilization. Elsevier Health Sciences. Logie, C., Bogo, M., Regehr, C., Regehr, G. (2013). A critical appraisal of the use of standardized client simulations in social work education.Journal of Social Work Education,49(1), 66-80. Mouraviev, N., Mouraviev, N., Kakabadse, N. K., Kakabadse, N. K. (2016). Conceptualising public-private partnerships: a critical appraisal of approaches to meanings and forms.Society and Business Review,11(2), 155-173. Quigley, J. M., Thompson, J. C., Halfpenny, N. J., Scott, D. A. (2015). Critical Appraisal Of Real World EvidenceA Review Of Recommended And Commonly Used Tools.Value in Health,18(7), A684. Souto, R. Q., Khanassov, V., Hong, Q. N., Bush, P. L., Vedel, I., Pluye, P. (2015). Systematic mixed studies reviews: updating results on the reliability and efficiency of the mixed methods appraisal tool.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(1), 500-501. van Dyk, S. (2014). The appraisal of difference: Critical gerontology and the active-ageing-paradigm.Journal of aging studies,31, 93-103.

Jeff Hendersons Life after Prison

Jeff Henderson’s memoir Cooked: My Journey from the Streets to the Stove describes a person’s struggle to climb the social ladder after the release from prison. To some degree, the book demonstrates that the author’s life after the release proved to be even more excruciating than in prison. In particular, he had to encounter such challenges as lack of trust and racial discrimination which undermined many of his efforts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jeff Henderson’s Life after Prison specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the whole, Jeff Henderson had to cope with various difficulties which made his life very frustrating. In particular, many employers had a very prejudiced attitude toward people who were sentenced for an offence. This conviction made them almost ineligible for any kind of job. This problem is familiar to many people who were sentenced to prison (Voorhis 72). This is why Jeff Henderson emphasizes the importance of gaining the trust of managers (Henderson 43). The main issue is that an individual abhors the idea of being at the mercy of others. To a great extent, these attitudes of others demonstrated to him that his criminal record would be as a constant barrier for him. This is one of the problems that the author is forced to encounter. Apart from that, one should not overlook the problem of racism. Many of the managers expected Jeff Henderson to deceive them. This is one of the most widespread racial stereotypes (King 7). This is one of the reasons they were reluctant to deal with him. The author describes their attitudes in the following way, â€Å"They had probably never seen anything like me: a black man who could really cook. I think they were expecting some hack† (Henderson 11). The narrator had to prove that his skills had outweighed the suspicions and concerns of employers. Moreover, other workers did not have to face these challeng es, especially if they were white. This is one of the points that should be considered. These examples show that Jeff Henderson had to cope with significant difficulties after his release from prison. Much attention should be paid to the prejudiced attitudes of many people focused on Henderson’s criminal record or race, but his skills. This attitude of people can be very frustrating for an individual. These are the main aspects that should be taken into account. Works Cited Henderson, Jeff. Cooked: My Journey From the Streets to the Stove, New York: Harper Collins, 2007. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More King, Lovalerie. Race, Theft, and Ethics: Property Matters in African American  Literature, Boston: LSU Press, 2007. Print. Voorhis, Patricia. Psychological Classification of the Adult Male Prison Inmate. New York: SUNY Press, 1994. Print. This essay on Jeff Henderson’s Life after Prison was written and submitted by user Ronald Nunez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Health tourism and its impacts on host nation and hospitality industry The WritePass Journal

Health tourism and its impacts on host nation and hospitality industry Introduction Health tourism and its impacts on host nation and hospitality industry IntroductionReference ListRelated Introduction Growing demand for health services is a global phenomenon, linked to economic development that generates rising incomes and education. Demographic change, especially the ageing population and older people’s requirements for more medical services, coupled with rising incidence of chronic conditions, also fuel demand for more and better health services. Waiting times and/or the increasing cost of health services at home, combined with the availability of cheaper alternatives in developing countries, has lead new healthcare consumers, or medical tourists, to seek treatment overseas. This booming growth for medical/health tourism in recent times has had both positive and negative impacts on the global healthcare and on the host nation. Whether health is a motivator to travel or as a contributor to disease transference it can have a great impact on the hospitality and tourism industry. It can influence social, financial, industrial, environmental, business and hospitality sectors in an economy. It’s impact on global healthcare can lead to innovation in healthcare solution, enhancements in healthcare solutions, enhancements in the number of healthcare professional, increased international standards in healthcare solutions and emergence of supporting healthcare infrastructure for example a medical hotel. A number of tourists are now combining vacation and health care. According to Travel Health Watch (Oct 18, 2010) medical tourism market shows rapid growth. The 2010 Portrait of American Travellers, a study compiled by Harrison Group and Y partnership, found that half of leisure travellers from theU.S.are familiar with the idea of medical tourism. The study also found that the medical tourism market is growing 20 percent each year and leisure travellers will consider having a medical procedure done in a foreign country if they could save some money, the quality is comparable to services provided in the U.S, and/or if their insurance would not cover a particular procedure in the U.S. In India, health care is one of the largest sectors, in terms of revenue and employment, and this sector is expanding rapidly largely due to health and medical tourists. During the 1990s, the Indian health care sector grew at a compound annual rate of 16%. Today the total value of the sector is more than US$34 billion. By 2012, Indias health care sector is projected to grow to near US$40 billion (PricewaterhouseCoopers 2007). Medical hotels are also in the rise due to the demand and rapid increase in health care from tourists. Consortiums inSingaporeare investing in medical hotels which will boast a 260-room luxury high-rise connected to the east wing of a new hospital inFarrerPark. The hotel will feature a 500-seat conference hall, indoor and outdoor gardens and a spa, as well as a dialysis machine and other medical equipment for patients who dont want to stay in the hospital. It will add new meaning to the concept of a healing holiday. Jetting off to a foreign country for affordable cosmetic surgery has been a popular option for years. But now, pinched by rising health-care costs in developed countries, travellers are going abroad for routine required surgeries and procedures, including colonoscopies and ob-gyn exams. According toButler,Sana, by 2012, experts predict, medical tourism will turn into a $100 billion international industry with more than 780 million patients seeking health care abroad. Travelling overseas for medical care has historical roots; previously limited to elites from developing countries to developed ones, when health care was inadequate or unavailable at home. Now however, the direction of medical travel is changing towards developing countries, and globalization and increasing acceptance of health services as a market commodity have lead to a new trend; organized medical tourism for fee paying patients, regardless of citizenship, who shop for health services overseas using new information sources, new agents to connect them to providers, and inexpensive air travel to reach their destination. Health tourists constantly prefer to consult doctors of high repute, whose skills have already benefited patients with similar medical conditions. The enormous need for proficient personnel breeds more specialists who cater to this escalating requirement thus contributing to the economy’s employment. Apart from the physician’s status, a potential foreign medical tourist looks at numerous other aspects of the medical establishment, to which he/she entrusts their wellbeing. As per industry standards, accreditations from authorized bodies are recognized and accepted. Other variations which monitor quality and accountability standards are also improved upon and utilized. National accreditations, which have their own stringent parameters, are also improving upon international standards to meet international patient requirements and expectations. Dispensation, storage interpretation of available medical records and data files; a process termed ‘Knowledge Processing’ has made the medical system transparent beyond medical authorities worldwide, to respective patients as well. Prior to the global focus on health tourism, the importance of this process was not felt as keenly as it is today. With the advent of the internet and web conferencing, medical proceedings, subject data and case histories of patients around the world is now available and shared online with doctors operating in any country. It provides them with excellent opportunities to interpret, assimilate, improve, collaborate and enhance the overall health services afforded. Globalization of medicine has brought the emanation of several other allied international sectors like healthcare insurance, vast selection of tourism getaways, varied choices of travelling and unlimited options for hospitable lodging in the country that one chooses to get treated in. Besides, the banking sector has facilitated advancing of loans, comfortable payback schemes, credit card facilities; easy access to internet payment gateways, abundant foreign currency exchange centres and other painless international banking procedure to help foreign tourists. Such programs have completely ruled out affordability or inaccessibility to capital, as a hindrance to disease alleviation. For many nations obtaining medical visas is now an effortless procedure. When established as an industry, medical tourism is significantly instrumental in moulding the society of a nation. It contributes not just in terms of enhanced, speedier or affordable healthcare, but also lends itself to infrastructural betterments, more employment opportunities with an increased propensity towards overall wealth creation. In nations that are still in the developing stages, such improvisations pave the way towards industrial growth to cater to the burgeoning demands of the foreign health seekers. A developed nation, on the other hand gains prominence as a popular healthcare destination and people start travelling there for medical attention. According to Weaver and Lawton (2010) manufacturing industries, foreign investments, business exports, agricultural, mineral products or information technology services, are currently among the most prominent and largest contributors to any nation’s Gross Domestic Products (GDP). Therefore, medical tourism will soon top the charts as a key money grosser, contributing significantly in the GDP for a nation which affords such facilities. As more tourists arrive into the country for cheaper, better and faster remedy for their illnesses, the chances of financial gain is guaranteed. All medical tourists do not visit a country with the express purpose of a treatment or surgery. They also intend to tour the country’s other historical or natural attractions. This trend is growing as tourists tend to invest the amount they save in healthcare, during sight-seeing. This serves as significant revenue for the tourism industry and forms a portion of total profits of the industry. Another industry very closely associated with the field of medical science is the pharmaceutical industry. When one undergoes treatment or surgery in one country, they are bound to take over-the-counter drugs sold in the same area. This increases the sale of medicines in a directly proportional manner such that, the number of surgeries or treatment conducted directly adds to the profits of the pharmaceutical company of the country that is a prominent medical tourism destination. The medical tourism industry is served both by private as well as public sector industries. While the public sector contributes to the overall infrastructure and associated processes like permitting medical visa, clearing foreign passports, facilitating foreign exchange etc; the private sector totally takes over the comfort hospitality department as well as the healthcare facilities. The kind of medical care and amenities provided by private sector industries is generally far more superior to that offered by government establishments. Under such situations, a public-private partnership tends to equalize profits, adds to overall infrastructural benefits and caters to the needs of the foreign medical tourist, in a balanced manner making the overall procedure smooth, rapid and economical. For example The Indian Ministry of Tourism has started a new category of visas for the medical tourists. These visas called the â€Å"M† or medical-visas are valid for one year but can be exten ded up to three years and are issued for a patient along with a companion. A country that prospers in the healthcare tourism industry will also experience fewer exits of trained professionals from their home country to a foreign nation availing better employment and financial opportunities which is prevalent in developing countries in Asia,South Americaand South Pacific.   Medical professionals are content as they get the required job satisfaction and financial fulfilment even when stationed in their native country. There are also political advantages as well when one country serves as a major tourism destination for another and there is constant exchange of treatment and revenue between them, the political links between those nations are affected in a positive manner. Stronger bonds between those nations are forged when the host nation and provide the foreign tourists with several amenities besides conducive medical treatment. Along with the positives there can also be some negatives impacts associated with health tourism. With patient travels; there is significant risk of corresponding bacterial travel. All industry professionals must understand the negative impact of communicable diseases. Hence, good strategies should be developed by global organizations to protect spread of such diseases. Understanding and control is vital for all the countries involved. .For infrastructural growth, the natural greenery or forest cover of a region is compromised in order to accommodate more buildings, hospital facilities, roads, treatment or diagnostic centres etc. To supplement the above, there is a continuous discharge of polluted air, solid -toxic medical waste, litters of sewage consisting of oil and chemicals. Architectural, noise and visual pollution also has a direct negative impact on the atmosphere. Health tourism also creates a dearth of local resources like power, food stock, fuel and other unredeemable natural resources, which could already be in short supply within the host country. Water, another non-replenishable natural resource, is commonly misused in hotels, spas and swimming pools through careless personal use by tourists. This not only generates large volumes of waste water but also leads to water shortages and depletion of natural water sources. With an increased number of health tourists, the hospital/hotel adopts the policy of being paid in accordance to an overseas system. Such a structure, even though economical to a foreigner, tends to be expensive for the native. As a result, all sections of people within a particular nation are not able to take advantage of the advanced treatment options available within the country. This creates a negative impact on the health infrastructure of a country. Healthcare tourism in most countries runs through private institutions. Currently the private sector in most developed countries accounts for a larger number of surgical procedures, treatment operations, and ultimately in the overall number of patients from all over the globe. Thus the revenue generated by this sector is much greater compared to that generated by the government or the public sector. The uncontrolled growth of the private sector can lead to inequalities and profit imbalance across both sectors. There are significant chances that many medical tourism hospitals would tap into unethical practices to grab international patients, such as organ transplants, restricted regional treatments or several other medical services which are restricted, regulated or controlled in one region. Legal issues are also likely to rise as the health industry presents unique problems and challenges for both consumers as well as providers. Both positive and negative impacts of medical tourism on healthcare, economic, social and environmental sectors creates opportunities and challenges for this growing industry which require cohesive collaborative work between various stakeholders. Medical tourism doesn’t only provide benefits to international patients or health/medical tourists but it extends to a wide spectrum of benefits to many industries such as the healthcare industry, travel and tourism, commercial sector, government relationships, and international accreditation sector.   There are also negative impacts medical or health tourism can have by attributing to shortages of scare local resources in energy usage including electrical power, food stock, fuel and other unredeemable natural resources such as water and the resultant environmental issues which needs to be considered and controlled by governments of countries in midst of this global phenomenon. Reference List Butler, S, 2009, ‘Holidays for health’, Newsweek International viewed 26 May 2011, pp.36. Available from: http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?. Carrera, P, Bridges M, John F, 2006, ‘Globalization and healthcare: understanding health and medical tourism. Expert Reviews. Vol. 6, Issue 4, pp.447 454. Dr. Prem, J, 2010, ‘Medical tourism impact its more than obvious . Medical Tourism Magazine vol 17, viewed 26 May 2011, Available from: medicaltourismmag.com/article/medical-tourism-impact-it-s-more-than-obvious.html. Hazarika, I,2009, Medical tourism: its potential impact on the health workforce, Oxford Journals, vol 25, no 3, pp.248 – 251, viewed 26 May 2011. Mathieson, A and Wall, G, 1982’ Social Impacts, in Tourism: economic, physical, and social impacts, U.S ed, Longman,London. McKerchera, B, 1993, ‘Some fundamental truths about tourism: understanding tourisms social and environmental impacts’ Journal of Sustainable Tourism [online]. viewed   26 May 2011, pp.6 16. Available from: informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t794297833~link=cover. Otley, T, 2007, ‘Patients without borders: it is now cheaper and easier than ever before for patients to receive good-quality healthcare abroad, but how is this medical tourism affecting the host nations’?(Fit to Fly: Medical travel)’ Business Traveller vol 2 viewed   26 May 2011, pp.36. Available from http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?. U.S. House, 2007, Market report for Healthcare in India, Government Printing Office,Washington. Weaver, DB and Lawton, L 2010, ‘Economic impacts of tourism, in Tourism management, 4th ed, John Wiley,Qld,Australia.

Effects of pollution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effects of pollution - Assignment Example This essay discusses the effects of specific pollution with regard to human health, land, water, and land. Pollution is one of the aspects that have a detrimental effect on human health. This occurs in various ways. For instance, over the years, agriculture has experienced major technological developments in order to enhance food production. To a considerable extent this has also resulted in improvement in the standards of health and safety for those individuals working in agriculture. This is through their enhanced awareness of personal protection and awareness of hazards. However, there remains much to be done in order to improve the health status of individuals and prevent injuries that are related to agriculture. This is because agriculture continues to expose individuals to long term health risks. The modern farming practices contribute to respiratory illness and exposures. These expose individuals to several acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Mostly, people in agriculture are exposed to organic dusts, toxic gases, and biaerosols. Similarly, exposure to inorganic dusts from soil components that have silicates results in nodules and macules. Additionally, exposure to pesticides results in differernt adverse effects on humans. For instance, reproductive effects include miscarriages and preterm delivery, as well as infertility among women that are highly exposed. Furthermore, various studies show that the modern farming practices are a cause of hearing loss among the individuals exposed. Notably, the current farming practices include high levels of noise from vacuum pumps and tractors, among other machineries that exceed the standard noise levels by OSHA (Schenker, M. & Kirkhorn, 2011). Apart from modern farming practices, municipal service also does have a negative impact on human health. Municipal waste is the waste that is generated from homes, schools, small businesses, and shops. This waste is collected by local authorities,

Irish economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Irish economy - Essay Example This fall in GDP growth rate had been a second to a similar dip during the fourth quarter of 2009, which is why the nation feared the possibility of a â€Å"double-dip recession† (Breadun, O’Brien & O’Brien, 2010). â€Å"Keynesian style stimulus package† Keynes had mainly emphasized upon the implementation of demand triggering policies for an economic boost. However, a positive shift in aggregate demand is least possible when an economy follows a stringent budget regime as the case had been for the Irish economy. In fact, a stringent budget policy is one of the reasons why the economy could not surpass over its recessionary phase successfully that tended a come-back within a short span. This is one of the reasons, why â€Å"Irish trade unions have stated that the previous austerity budgets have failed† and hence, have proposed that a â€Å"Keynesian style stimulus package† be followed. The Keynesian model of equilibrium proposed the following identity to equate aggregate national income, Y, with components of aggregate demand as follow – Y ? C (Y – T) + I + G + (X – M(Y)) Where, Y = National Income, T = Aggregate tax being paid. Hence, (Y – T) = Disposable Income C = Consumption Expenditure, I = Investment Expenditure, G = Government Expenditure, X = Aggregate Export Revenues M = Aggregate Imports Thus, four ways through which a stimulus package could be constructed to ensure an economic boost are as follows – Firstly, Keynes had advised a stimulus to be provided to the investors of the economy so that they should come forward and venture investment projects which could help in creating employment opportunities and thus, boost consumption demand through positively affecting the production of...†¢ Firstly, Keynes had advised a stimulus to be provided to the investors of the economy so that they should come forward and venture investment projects which could help in creating employm ent opportunities and thus, boost consumption demand through positively affecting the production of output. †¢ Secondly, the government could actually make tax relaxations to motivate people to consume more as they will be left with larger disposable income volumes. Greater the disposable income is, higher will be the consumption expenditure of the people and thus, higher will be the income generation in the economy. †¢ Thirdly, the national government must not make deductions in its own expenses and rather boost them which could actually result to increases in the aggregate demand of the economy and thus, its income level. This is starkly in contrast to the measures adopted by the Irish government which is that of restricting its budget expenditures or rather constraining it more. †¢ Lastly, the national government could also make adjustments in its rate of exchange so as to positively influence the demand for exports and negatively affect import demands. For instance, an economy amidst a recession could choose to depreciate its domestic currency so that the foreigners find it more and more lucrative to increase their purchases from the country in question, while the domestic people are back off from importing from nations which have a dearer currency.

Psy 104 Final Paper Essay Example for Free

Psy 104 Final Paper Essay Classical conditioning is a developmental theory introduced by a man by the name of Ivan Pavlov. Ivan Pavlov was born on the 26th of September in 1849 in a town called Ryazan in the country of Russia. Ivan Pavlov’s father was a priest and Ivan was the oldest out of 11 children. When Ivan was seven years old he had an accident where he fell from a balcony onto his head. Because of the injuries he sustained from the fall Ivan had a hard time with academics and was kept out of school till he was eleven years old. Ivan Pavlov went to college at St. Petersburg University and was originally going to school for science but since he was bad at math he decided to go for physical science. He ended his schooling in the Academy of Medicine. Before Ivan Pavlov went on to develop his theory of classical conditioning â€Å"In 1904 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for his researches into the neural mechanism by which the secretion of gastric juices was stimulated. † (Harre, 2006) Classical Conditioning is a process of behavior modification by which a subject comes to respond in a desired manner to a previously neutral stimulus that has been repeatedly presented long with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the desired response. Ivan Pavlov liked to test his theories out on animals mainly dogs. An explanation of his studies with dogs is â€Å"In this type of learning, a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response. For instance, a lab coat would not ordinarily bring any response—it is a neutra l stimulus; food naturally elicits a salivary response. When the lab coat is paired with the food repeatedly and learning is complete, the lab coat is no longer neutral. The dog has learned to associate the lab coat with food, even when no food is present. The former neutral stimulus (lab coat) now elicits the response (salivation) even in the absence of the original stimulus (food)† (Mossler, 2011) Another example of classical conditioning is â€Å"John B. Watson and his assistant, Rosalie Raynor, invented a different version. They quickly taught an infant named Little Albert to fear a white rat by banging a loud gong just behind the tot whenever the rat appeared. After just seven gongs, Little Albert was scared to death of the same rat he had played with before the training began. His fear was so great that it generalized to other furry objects, including a Santa Claus mask. (Johnston, 1999) The Second developmental theory I will be discussing is Jean Piaget’s cognitive theory. Jean Piaget was born on the 9th of August in 1896 in Switzerland. His father was a professor of medieval literature at the University of Neuchatel. Jean Piaget was originally interested in zoology and by the age of 15 he had written several artic les on mollusks. Jean Piaget went to the same university that his father taught which was the University of Neuchatel and he also studied at the University of Zurich for a small amount of time. Jean Piaget changed his interest of oology. â€Å"Piaget’s interests turned to child cognitive development while working to standardize tests for schoolchildren. At this time, he witnessed a pattern among children’s correct and incorrect answers, leading him to develop a theory of the stages of understanding through which a child’s cognition passes. He quickly established a clinical method of study, involving not only observation but also verbal interaction with the child subjects of his research. Piaget’s writings on the subject attracted much attention initially and then fell into obscurity for many years. Upon publishing detailed analyses of his work involving his three children, his work once again received wide recognition in the field† (Edinburgh University Press, 2005) Jean Piaget’s theory was his idea that children learned through stages which each one was crucial into leading the child into the next stage of development. Jean Piaget’s theory was broken down into four stages. Those stages are sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operations, and formal operations. Each stage is very important to the development of a child and I will explain each one. The sensorimotor stage is the first stage of Jean Piaget’s theory in which† infants gain cognitive understanding primarily through their senses and movements, which are coordinated through reflexes. † (Mossler, 2011) The second stage of Jean Piaget’s theory is the preoperational stage which lasts from ages two to seven. This is the stage where children begin to acknowledge the world through mental structures and symbols. Children learn to play make believe and learn to speak whatever language they are being taught by their parents. They use inadequate logic because at this time they can only view things with one perspective. The third stage of Jean Piaget’s theory is called concrete operations which lasts between the ages of seven and twelve. This is the stage where a child’s thought is guided by logic and they have learned to view things from multiple perspectives. The fourth and final stage is called formal operations. This stage lasts through adulthood and is the stage where children begin to learn complex forms of thought such as being able to hypothesize, think of complicated plans, and accurately predict outcomes. An example of Jean Piaget’s theory is â€Å"in order to understand behavior and outcomes, an infant may experiment by throwing food. The infant gets to understand how the explosion of food behaves as well as the potential explosion by parents. Because adolescents have more sophisticated cognition, they can understand the consequences of throwing food—both what it might look like and the reaction of others—without actually experimenting with the behavior. † (Mossler, 2011) The third and final developmental theory I will be discussing is Albert Bandura’s social-cognitive theory. Albert Bandura was born on the 4th of December in 1925 in Mundare, Alberta, Canada. Albert Bandura went to college at the University of British Columbia where he got into psychology by accident because he had no classes in the morning so he decided to take a psychology class. He got his B. A in psychology. Albert Bandura then went to get his M. A at the University of Iowa Social Cognitive theory is a theory that states that portions of an individuals knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences. What I am trying to say is, people do not learn new behaviors solely by trying them and either succeeding or failing, but rather, the survival of humanity is dependent upon the ability of people imitating and replicating the actions of others. Depending on whether people are rewarded or punished for their behavior and the outcome of the behavior, that behavior may be imitated. An example of Albert Banduras social cognitive theory is â€Å"study influences on aggressive behavior in children, during which children were shown to imitate, without prompting or incentive, aggressive adult behavior towards a large blow-up doll (Bandura et al. 961). This raised fears that have never been resolved that children might mimic aggressive or violent behavior seen on television. † (Walker, 2007) Another example is â€Å"In his classic study using children who watched adult models punch Bobo dolls, Bandura demonstrated that humans could learn simply by observation. That is, he showed that re inforcement was not always a factor in eliciting behavior. Instead, we know that children also learn by modeling (or imitating) the behavior of others. Imitation partly explains how babies learn to smile, children learn to do cannonballs in a pool, or adults learn to behave in a new environment without being reinforced. † (Mossler, 2011) The difference between classic conditioning and the social cognitive theory is that instead of using associations, reinforcement, and punishment to make someone do something or not do something the social-cognitive theory is teaching people to do things through observation and imitation. The difference between Jean Piaget’s theory and the others that I have wrote about are the fact that he believes that things we be learned without being shown that they will eventually acquire the skills through stages. Another difference between classical conditioning and the social cognitive theory is the need for social interaction with other people. Classical conditioning does not require one human interacting or observing but the social cognitive theory requires it. There are not many similarities between classical conditioning, cognitive theory and, the social cognitive theory. The only similarity I could find is that they are all learning based. In conclusion classical conditioning, social cognitive theory and, cognitive theory are some of the most common developmental theories. Though they may not be that similar a lot of the developmental theories are sometimes ideas that branch off from other theories. I am sure fifty years from now there will be knew theories that come out that can better explain the development of humans physically, mentally and, emotionally. I say that because the social environment changes all the time with new trends and fads and acceptance of things that were once taboo. Reference Mosser, K (2011), Child and adolescent development. Bridgepoint Education, Inc BANDURAS THEORY. (2006). In Elseviers Dictionary of Psychological Theories. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/entry/estpsyctheory/bandura_s_theory JEAN PIAGET. (2005). In Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/entry/edinburghthinkl/jean_piaget Walker, J, (2007) Psychology for Nurses and the Caring Professions (3rd Edition) Retrieved from

Overuse of Technology Essay -- Technology, Health Risk

Everywhere I turn, I see someone on a cell phone, either talking or texting. Every car next to me in traffic has a GPS on the dashboard, including my own. It seems that everyone needs some help from technology on a daily basis. It both surrounds and intrigues us. Technology can be helpful, fun, and entertaining. Much of technology is created to assist with making projects faster or daily tasks more efficient. However, the collaboration of technologies in our lives has a few negative effects and I think we need to scale back a bit on our use of these much adored technologies. The over-use of technology is creating an impatient society and it is also diminishing once-valued personal interaction with others. More often now days, people would rather let a machine take a message instead of answering a call; missing the opportunity to have a personal conversation. Many of us would rather have the instant gratification of watching a movie instead of reading a book or sending a text or instant message instead of meeting with a friend for coffee and conversation. Therefore, society is becoming increasingly impatient and impersonal with interactions. Those types of behaviors create lonliness in our lives despite our â€Å"constant connection† with others through things like cell phones and Facebook ®. This way of life is also more common with the younger generations within our society. For instance, my sister is eight years younger than me and we had a visit with each other about two months ago. I don’t get to see my sister often; she lives six hundred miles away. When I do get to see her, it is a short visit and I cherish the time we may get to spend together. I have not lived close to my sister in ten years. So, it is disheartening to me th... ... portable so there is no reason not to! Another health risk that technology contributes to is obesity. In the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity. It is not a coincidence that the increase in technology and obesity is happening at the same time. The graph shown from the February 2011 issue of Scientific American Magazine illustrates the increase in obesity from the 1970s. The obesity rate is rising right along with our use of the internet and everything else technological. I must state that I am not against technology as a whole. I love technology! I just feel that we should be aware of the different risks that every new technology comes with and avoid over-exposure. When I start my own family, I will teach my children to be friends with technology; however, they will not be so dependent on technology for entertainment or otherwise.

Speech: Teacher and South East High

South east has thought me a lot of things but I am very thankful that it gave me three great qualities that I still carry on today that are Respect, leadership, and professionalism. It has been long since I first lay my eyes on this school. I was 14 years old when I arrived in this country. I dint know what road to take, my thoughts were hey vacations since I originally lived and went to school in Guadalajara, Mexico.I decided that the best choice for me to take was to stay and achieve an education in the United States. I did not think twice after my uncles showed me South East High. I was like yea this is the place that I want to come to. I loved the way it looked, the way the people treated each other, and how friendly staff was. Once I started I found out that South East wasn't only a school it was something of another world. I had very good memories from all my teachers that I had had through all my four years on school.One of my biggest memories is the time when I first come at school, it was the first week of school and I want it to go back at home with my parents, brother, and sister because I really miss them but they told me that I have to be strong and achieve all my goals and here I am graduating me and starting a new beginning. One of the motivations that inspire me was the words that Martin Luther King said â€Å"I have a dream† so do I and it’s to become the greatest architect.My parents always told me that I can become whatever I want if I keep trying and doing the best that I can and never give up. Trough all this years on school I had learned so many good things here on South East High that my friends, teachers, counselors, and also others had teach me. They teach me to be who I am and not try to be who I am not. One of my teachers that I am really thankful is my ESL teacher that teaches me in the best way that he could.He teaches me how to write and speak this language. I want to say at all of you that I know and also at those wh o I don’t know that you have to do what you’re heart tells you and try to achieve all your goals not to do what other people wants you to do. I want to thank at all my teachers and family for all the help that they gave me. Thank you everybody for listed to me and Go Class of 2010 we did it.

Othello The Moor Of Venice Essay - 1983 Words

Othello, the Moor of Venice The story of Othello, the Moor of Venice was written by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare got the idea of Othello from a writer by the name of Giraldi Cinthio. The original story, was entitled,† Of Unfaithfulness of Husbands and Wives.† In the original story Disdemona was beaten to death with a stocking full of sand, which is quite a bit different from Shakespeare’s Othello, tragedy still befalls Desdemona. (Gioia) The story was believed to have been written in 1603-1604 and published in 1622.†¦show more content†¦Iago is eager to get back to Othello and tell him what Roderigo has done, leaving out the part where he tells Roderigo what is going on. Brabantio finds Othello and accuses him of stealing his daughter and demands he be thrown in prison. Othello explains to B rabantio that he has more urgent matters to attend at the moment, so prison will have to wait. The Duke and senators are waiting for Othello to meet with them on war matters. Brabantio thinks this is an excellent opportunity to accuse Othello of his crimes. What Brabantio does not expect is for Desdemona to be there waiting on Othello so she can go off to war with him. She confesses to her father and the Duke that she is in fact in love with the Moor. Brabantio was in shock and could not believe what his daughter was doing to him. The Duke does allow her to go, but she must be accompanied by Iago because Othello has to leave at once. Iago’s second part of the plan is put in motion when he schemes to make Othello think that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. He plans to take out both of his enemies at the same time with a lie. (Shakespeare, Othello, the Moor of Venice) With news that a storm has destroyed an enemy ship, Desdemona fears the worse for Othello. She fears he has died in the storm, and Cassio comes in to confirm her fears that his ship cannot be located. With fear in her mind she goes to Iago and Emilia, the wife of Iago , but does notShow MoreRelatedOthello The Moor Of Venice Essay1801 Words   |  8 PagesOthello, The Moor of Venice The play by William Shakespeare, Othello, The Moor of Venice, was staged for the first time in 1604, is defined as a tragedy, and Othello as a tragic hero. Othello is a tale of jealousy and revenge. The game takes place in Venice, while two friends, Roderigo and Iago, are discussing. Iago has unlucky news: Desdemona, a woman Roderigo hoping to get married to, has already married Othello, a Moorish General that leads the Republic of Venice Army troops, who married inRead More Othello, The Moor of Venice Essay examples1319 Words   |  6 PagesOthello, the Moor of Venice is one of the major tragedies written by William Shakespeare that follows the main character, Othello through his trials and tribulations. 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Accordingly, Othello is not a victim of consequences, but an active participant in his downfall. He is not merely a vehicle for the machinations of Iago; he had free agency. Othellos deficiencies are: an insecure grasp of Venetian social values; lack of criticalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello - Power Of Words870 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay the power of words in Orthello will be discussed looking at words as power, words as characters and words as conversation with the audience. First looking at words as power. From the beginning of the play we see what influence words have on the characters in the play, power of words can be positive or negative. The famous saying, The pen is mightier than the sword† which means that with words and brains, it can become a greater weapon than a sword. 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However he has some weaknesses such as insecurity; he is too open, naà ¯ve, and gullible, Iago plays on his weaknesses which brings about his downfall and he kills himself. This causes the suffering of innocent people like Desdemona, Emilia, Cassio and Roderigo. The audience also feel pity for Othello and thisRead MoreIago : The Master Manipulator1194 Words   |  5 PagesSkyler Lester ENG3UE Tipping December 12, 2015 Iago: The Master Manipulator Iago is known as one of the most well known characters in Shakespeare s Othello because of his interesting colourful dialogue, his unknown goals and motivations, and his ability to brainwash with words. It is certain that Iago has the ability to use his silver tongue to brainwash even the highest minds, but what is more important is the fact that he chooses to do this to benefit himself, and himself only. Iago is a classic